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thumb Salman Z. Schocken ((ヘブライ語:שלמה זלמן שוקן)) (October 29, 1877, Margonin, Province of Posen, German Empire (today Poland) – August 6, 1959, Pontresina, Switzerland) was a German Jewish publisher and businessman. He lived in Germany until 1934, when he first emigrated to Palestine, and then in 1940 to the United States. ==Biography== :Germany Salman Schocken ("S" in Salman pronounced "Z") was the son of a Jewish shopkeeper in Posen.〔("Man of the Book: Reading a Life of Salman Schocken - Forward.com" )〕 In 1901, he moved to Zwickau, a German town in southwest Saxony, to help manage a department store owned by his brother, Simon. Together they built up the business and established a chain of stores throughout Germany. In Chemnitz and Stuttgart, Schocken commissioned German Jewish architect Erich Mendelsohn to build branches of the Kaufhaus Schocken. In 1915, Schocken co-founded Zionist journal ''Der Jude'' (with Martin Buber). After Simon's death in 1929, when his friend Franz Rosenzweig also died, Salman Schocken became sole owner of the firm and established the Schocken Institute for Research on Hebrew Poetry in Berlin. In 1931, he founded the publishing company Schocken Verlag, which, at the time, reprinted the Buber-Rosenzweig translation of the Bible. In 1933, the Nazis stripped Schocken of his citizenship. They forced him to sell his German enterprises to Merkur AG, but he managed to recover some of his property after World War II. :Palestine In 1934 Schocken left Germany for Palestine. In Jerusalem, he built the Schocken Library, also designed by Erich Mendelsohn, was a board member of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and bought the newspaper ''Haaretz'' for 23,000 pounds sterling in 1935.〔 His eldest son, Gershom Schocken, became the chief editor in 1939 and held that position until his death in 1990. The Schocken family today has a 60% share of the newspaper. Salman Schocken also founded the Schocken Publishing House Ltd. and, in New York in 1945 with the aid of Hannah Arendt and Nahum Glatzer, opened another branch, Schocken Books. In 1987 Schocken Books became an imprint of the Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group at Random House, owned by Bertelsmann since 1998. Schocken became a board member of the Jewish National Fund and helped with the purchase of land in the Haifa Bay area.〔('Haaretz publisher Amos Schocken: Israel’s settlers have won', Haaretz, June 24, 2015 )〕 Schocken became the patron of Shmuel Yosef Agnon already during his years in Germany,.〔http://www.researchgate.net/publication/236702022_The_Patron_A_Life_of_Salman_Schocken_1877-1959_(review)〕 Recognizing Agnon's literary talent, Schocken paid him a stipend that relieved him of financial worries and allowed him to devote himself to writing. Agnon went on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1966, not without the support of the well-connected Schocken.〔〔(National Yiddish Book Center - A Simple Story by S.Y. Agnon )〕 :United States In 1940 Schocken left Palestine with his family except for one son, and settled in the United States. Schocken died in 1959 while vacationing in Switzerland. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Salman Schocken」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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